Single Center Experience of " Mobilize，Collect and Transplant, No Cryopreservation" Integrated Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation Strategy for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

[Objective]: To explore the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of the integrated autologous stem cell transplantation(ASCT) strategy of " Mobilize、Collect and Transplant, No Cryopreservation" according to the characteristics of the pretreatment scheme of multiple myeloma.

[Methods]: A total of 66 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) between January 2021 and January 2022 were included. They were voluntarily divided into two groups. Before transplantation, they all achieved the curative effect above partial remission(PR). Thirty five patients in the control group received traditional transplantation (mobilize, collect, cryopreservation, timely transplantation), and 31 patients in the observation group received integrated transplantation (mobilize，collect，no cryopreservation, direct transplantation). The mobilization plan of the observation group is the steady-state mobilization of G-CSF combined with Plerixafor.

[Results]: The median follow-up time was 8 months (from 2 to 18 months) up to July 2022. Compared with the control group, the advantages of the observation group are mainly reflected in: (1) since there is no cryopreservation, more patients perform early consolidation transplantation: Among them, 25 patients with curative effect above very good partial response (VGRP) entered into the observation group (80.6%), while only 20 patients entered into the control group (57.1%). (2) The reaching-standard rate of single collection is higher: 30 cases (96.7%) in the observation group achieved high-quality collection (the dose of stem cells meet twice transplantation) in a single collection, while only 21 cases (60%) in the control group. (3) NK cell reconstitution is faster: the proportion of NK cells at +30 days post transplantation in the observation group (21.6%) was higher than that in the control group (15.9%). (4) Up to now, 7 patients in the control group suffered relapse (20.0%) and 3 patients died of relapse (8.6%); whereas only 1 patient (3.2%) in the observation group suffered relapse and no death happened.

[Conclusion]: The feasibility, safety and effectiveness of the clinical application of the integrated ASCT strategy of "mobilize, collect and transplant, no cryopreservation" for NDMM have been fully proved in this study, and its unique advantages are worth further exploration.

No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.